Remote Sensing

 Remote Sensing

Remote Sensing        

         Remote sensing is the process of data collection about any specific area by detecting and measuring the reflection of radiation from this area. By collecting the remote sensing data, researchers can easily know more information about the earth to help them with their researches. Remote sensing is known as the use of electromagnetic radiation in satellite technologies for the detection and classification of different objects on earth.

         There are two types of remote sensing i.e. passive remote sensing and active remote sensing. Radiometers and infrared are good examples of passive remote sensors. Radar is a good example for active remote sensors. In active remote sensing, speed, location and direction of any object can be measured.

Remote Sensing Applications

ü Remote sensing techniques are used in radars which are used by geographers to know the areas that are more prone to flooding. So, remote sensing helps scientists to know the possible damage of flooding.

ü The vehicles use remote sensing techniques such as RIDAR and GPS for the self-driving mode activation.

ü NASA uses remote sensing satellites for measuring infrared radiation and carbon monoxide amount in the air for tracking air quality in lower atmosphere.

ü Satellites with remote sensing techniques are used by military forces for spying on enemies from a long period.

ü Road cracks can be found by using satellite which uses the remote sensing techniques to provide the construction team with the information about the exact location of damaged roads.

ü Remote sensing is used to restrict some diseases from spreading by figuring out the areas where these diseases are expected to happen.

ü Climate changes can be observed by using remote sensing satellites such as MOPITT, TRMM and MODIS.

ü Routing analysis which is one of remote sensing techniques in addition to GPS and other techniques are used in ship navigation for saving ships from sinking in iceberg.

ü Satellites with remote sensing techniques are used in measuring sea levels with very high accuracy.

ü Remote sensing technologies are used for building potential map to extract mineral deposits from the earth.

ü Governments use remote sensing techniques for measuring vehicle emissions to make emission standards for vehicle owners to follow them.

ü For improving the future results of agriculture, MODIS imagery remote sensing technique is used for mapping the soil types.

ü Mountain pine beetle disease which is considered as a forest disease can be controlled by using remote sensing techniques.

Satellites History

-        In 1970, the first satellite UV/VIS observations started and used for measuring the reflection of solar light from the ground.

-        In 1979, the TOMS was launched. This UV/VIS improved satellite was used for discovering the ozone hole.

-        In 1995, the first DOAS satellite instrument was launched to space which is used for retrieving and measuring various atmospheric and tropospheric trace gases such as O₃, NO₂, H₂O and SO₂.

-        In 2002, the second DOAS satellite instrument was launched which was used for measuring the absorption of many greenhouse gases and also it helped for identifying the pollution plumes of cities.